diff --git a/apps/server/src/routes/setup-relay-test.test.ts b/apps/server/src/routes/setup-relay-test.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..715f5e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/server/src/routes/setup-relay-test.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+import { afterEach, beforeEach, describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+import { devices, ledgerEvents, type Db } from "@parking/db";
+import { createTestDb } from "@parking/db/testing";
+import type { FastifyInstance } from "fastify";
+import { buildServer } from "../server.js";
+import { seedUser, login } from "../test-helpers.js";
+
+// POST /api/setup/test-relay pulses a SAVED controller's barrier relay to prove the
+// wiring — it physically opens the barrier. Because "a physical open with no matching
+// signed command is the fraud signal" (append-only-event-chain / reconciliation), the
+// route must SIGN a barrier_open_command (reason setup.relayTest) BEFORE it fires, and it
+// must be admin-only. These tests use the `stub-access` controller (pulseOpen only logs —
+// no real hardware) so they exercise the validate → sign → pulse path safely.
+
+let db: Db;
+let close: () => void;
+let app: FastifyInstance;
+
+const CTL = "ctl-stub";
+
+beforeEach(async () => {
+  const t = createTestDb();
+  db = t.db;
+  close = t.close;
+  db.insert(devices).values({
+    id: CTL,
+    category: "access",
+    driverId: "stub-access",
+    config: { relays: [{ relay: 1, direction: "entry" }, { relay: 2, direction: "exit" }] },
+    enabled: true,
+  }).run();
+  app = await buildServer({ db });
+  await app.ready();
+});
+afterEach(async () => {
+  await app.close();
+  close();
+});
+
+async function pulse(
+  body: unknown,
+  auth?: { cookie: string; csrf: string },
+) {
+  return app.inject({
+    method: "POST",
+    url: "/api/setup/test-relay",
+    headers: auth ? { cookie: auth.cookie, "x-csrf-token": auth.csrf } : {},
+    payload: body as Record<string, unknown>,
+  });
+}
+
+describe("POST /api/setup/test-relay", () => {
+  it("is admin-only: a non-site:update user is 403", async () => {
+    await seedUser(db, { username: "op", password: "pw", roleId: "operator", permissions: ["shift:read"] });
+    const auth = await login(app, "op", "pw");
+    const res = await pulse({ id: CTL, relay: 1 }, auth);
+    expect(res.statusCode).toBe(403);
+  });
+
+  it("requires CSRF on the mutation", async () => {
+    await seedUser(db, { username: "admin", password: "pw" });
+    const { cookie } = await login(app, "admin", "pw");
+    const res = await app.inject({
+      method: "POST",
+      url: "/api/setup/test-relay",
+      headers: { cookie }, // no x-csrf-token
+      payload: { id: CTL, relay: 1 },
+    });
+    expect(res.statusCode).toBe(403);
+  });
+
+  it("signs a barrier_open_command (reason setup.relayTest) BEFORE firing, then reports ok", async () => {
+    await seedUser(db, { username: "admin", password: "pw" });
+    const auth = await login(app, "admin", "pw");
+
+    const res = await pulse({ id: CTL, relay: 2 }, auth);
+    expect(res.statusCode).toBe(200);
+    expect(res.json()).toMatchObject({ ok: true });
+
+    // The deliberate open is EXPLAINED in the signed ledger — not an anomaly.
+    const rows = db.select().from(ledgerEvents).all();
+    const testOpen = rows.find((r) => r.type === "barrier_open_command");
+    expect(testOpen, "a barrier_open_command must be signed").toBeTruthy();
+    expect(testOpen!.source).toBe("manual"); // deliberate human action
+    expect(testOpen!.signature.length).toBeGreaterThan(0);
+    const payload = testOpen!.payload as Record<string, unknown>;
+    expect(payload.relayTest).toBe(true);
+    expect(payload.reasonCode).toBe("setup.relayTest");
+    expect(payload.relay).toBe(2);
+    expect(payload.controllerId).toBe(CTL);
+    expect(payload.operator).toBe("admin"); // attributed to the acting admin
+  });
+
+  it("rejects a relay the controller does not declare (400, no ledger row)", async () => {
+    await seedUser(db, { username: "admin", password: "pw" });
+    const auth = await login(app, "admin", "pw");
+    const res = await pulse({ id: CTL, relay: 9 }, auth);
+    expect(res.statusCode).toBe(400);
+    expect(db.select().from(ledgerEvents).all()).toHaveLength(0); // nothing signed
+  });
+
+  it("404s an unknown controller id", async () => {
+    await seedUser(db, { username: "admin", password: "pw" });
+    const auth = await login(app, "admin", "pw");
+    const res = await pulse({ id: "nope", relay: 1 }, auth);
+    expect(res.statusCode).toBe(404);
+  });
+
+  it("rejects a bad relay value (non-positive-integer)", async () => {
+    await seedUser(db, { username: "admin", password: "pw" });
+    const auth = await login(app, "admin", "pw");
+    expect((await pulse({ id: CTL, relay: 0 }, auth)).statusCode).toBe(400);
+    expect((await pulse({ id: CTL, relay: -1 }, auth)).statusCode).toBe(400);
+  });
+});
diff --git a/apps/server/src/routes/setup.ts b/apps/server/src/routes/setup.ts
index 07a7f62..46b0cf7 100644
--- a/apps/server/src/routes/setup.ts
+++ b/apps/server/src/routes/setup.ts
@@ -15,7 +15,9 @@ import {
   type DeviceCategory,
   type DeviceConfig,
 } from "@parking/devices";
+import { reasonPayload } from "@parking/shared";
 import { requirePermission } from "../auth.js";
+import type { EventLog } from "../event-log.js";
 import { backendIpCandidates, backendIpForDevice, backendPort } from "../net.js";
 import type { VisionClient } from "../vision-client.js";
 
@@ -60,6 +62,12 @@ function redactSecrets(config: Record<string, unknown>): Record<string, unknown>
   return out;
 }
 
+/** Feature-detect the barrier-pulse capability on a built device adapter (the Setup
+ *  relay test needs it; a stub/reader/camera won't have it). */
+function hasPulseOpen(d: unknown): d is { pulseOpen(doorId: number): Promise<void> } {
+  return typeof (d as { pulseOpen?: unknown } | null)?.pulseOpen === "function";
+}
+
 // Connection-identity keys: the fields that decide WHERE a probe is sent. A stored
 // secret may only be re-merged when these match the stored row — otherwise an admin
 // could point a test at an attacker host while keeping a real device id and have the
@@ -220,6 +228,7 @@ export async function setupRoutes(
   app: FastifyInstance,
   db: Db,
   vision?: VisionClient | null,
+  eventLog?: EventLog | null,
 ): Promise<void> {
   registerBuiltinDrivers();
   setDeviceLogSink((line) => app.log.info(line));
@@ -456,6 +465,89 @@ export async function setupRoutes(
     },
   );
 
+  // PULSE a controller's barrier relay from Setup, to test the wiring — WITHOUT any
+  // vehicle/session. This physically opens the barrier, so unlike the other tests it
+  // runs only against a SAVED controller (real id → clean attribution) and it SIGNS a
+  // `barrier_open_command` into the ledger FIRST, with reason `setup.relayTest` + the
+  // admin's identity. That is the whole point of doing it this way: a physical open with
+  // no matching signed command is the fraud signal ([[append-only-event-chain]],
+  // [[reconciliation]]) — a deliberate test must therefore be an EXPLAINED open, not a
+  // silent one. Sign-before-fire mirrors exit-flow's manual re-open: the intervention is
+  // recorded whether or not the physical pulse then succeeds. Admin-only (site:update).
+  app.post<{ Body: { id: string; relay: number } }>(
+    "/api/setup/test-relay",
+    { preHandler: adminGuard },
+    async (req, reply) => {
+      const { id, relay } = req.body;
+      if (typeof id !== "string" || !id) return reply.code(400).send({ error: "missing controller id" });
+      if (!Number.isInteger(relay) || relay < 1) {
+        return reply.code(400).send({ error: "relay must be a 1-based channel number" });
+      }
+
+      // A relay test fires REAL hardware, so it must target a persisted controller — no
+      // firing an unsaved/redirected config (that would let a probe open an arbitrary host's
+      // barrier). Load the saved row and build straight from its stored config (relayPassword
+      // included — it's on the row, never in the request).
+      const row = db.select().from(devices).where(eq(devices.id, id)).get();
+      if (!row) return reply.code(404).send({ error: "controller not found" });
+      if (row.category !== "access") {
+        return reply.code(400).send({ error: `device ${id} is not a controller` });
+      }
+      const cfg = (row.config ?? {}) as Record<string, unknown>;
+      const relays = Array.isArray(cfg.relays) ? (cfg.relays as { relay?: number }[]) : [];
+      if (!relays.some((r) => r.relay === relay)) {
+        return reply.code(400).send({ error: `controller ${id} has no relay ${relay}` });
+      }
+
+      let device;
+      try {
+        device = registry.create(row.driverId, cfg as Record<string, string | number | boolean>);
+      } catch (err) {
+        return reply.code(400).send({ error: (err as Error).message });
+      }
+      if (!hasPulseOpen(device)) {
+        return reply.code(400).send({ error: `driver ${row.driverId} cannot pulse a relay` });
+      }
+
+      // Sign the deliberate open FIRST — recorded whether or not the physical pulse then
+      // succeeds. Skip only if no ledger is wired (test/degraded), in which case we still
+      // refuse rather than fire an unrecorded open.
+      const operator = req.user?.username ?? "unknown";
+      if (!eventLog) {
+        return reply.code(503).send({ error: "ledger unavailable — refusing an unrecorded relay open" });
+      }
+      await eventLog.append({
+        type: "barrier_open_command",
+        // A deliberate human action from the admin console → "manual" (the top-level
+        // IdentitySource). The relayTest marker + reason distinguish it in the payload.
+        source: "manual",
+        identity: `relay-test:${id}:${relay}`,
+        payload: {
+          ...reasonPayload("setup.relayTest", { operator, relay, controller: row.driverId }),
+          relayTest: true,
+          controllerId: id,
+          relay,
+          operator,
+        },
+      });
+
+      const startedAt = Date.now();
+      try {
+        await device.pulseOpen(relay);
+      } catch (err) {
+        // The failure we're testing for (relay unreachable, wrong password). The open is
+        // already signed; report the pulse failure, don't 500.
+        return reply.send({
+          ok: false,
+          reason: "pulse-failed",
+          detail: (err as Error).message,
+          tookMs: Date.now() - startedAt,
+        });
+      }
+      return reply.send({ ok: true, firedAt: new Date().toISOString(), tookMs: Date.now() - startedAt });
+    },
+  );
+
   // Candidate backend IPs the device can push to, for a given device host. The
   // wizard pre-fills with the on-subnet one and lets the admin override (matters
   // on multi-NIC hosts). See net.ts / wiki/concepts/device-input-flow.md.
diff --git a/apps/server/src/server.ts b/apps/server/src/server.ts
index 44a7b89..d627a5f 100644
--- a/apps/server/src/server.ts
+++ b/apps/server/src/server.ts
@@ -115,11 +115,24 @@ export async function buildServer(opts: BuildOptions = {}): Promise<FastifyInsta
   const visionClient = new VisionClient(app.log);
   if (visionClient.enabled) app.log.info("vision client enabled");
 
+  // Append-only signed business LEDGER (ledger_events). Holds only business facts
+  // (vehicle_entry/exit, payment, void, …) — the anti-fraud audit trail. A raw
+  // button press is NOT a business fact: it's device telemetry, recorded UNSIGNED
+  // in device_events. The entry flow turns an input into a signed vehicle_entry once
+  // a ticket prints + the barrier is commanded. See event-streams-split.md.
+  // Constructed HERE (before setupRoutes) so the Setup relay-test can sign its
+  // deliberate barrier open into the ledger; the read routes are wired further down.
+  // The 4th arg is a read-side fan-out fired AFTER each durable append — used to
+  // push the event to live booth clients (WS). It cannot affect the sign/chain path.
+  const eventLog = new EventLog(db, buildSigner(app.log), buildVerifier, (row) =>
+    deviceEvents.emitLedger(row),
+  );
+
   // Device-agnostic setup: the admin adds controllers (with their relays + entry
   // button) and binds readers/cameras to a controller relay at first-run. There is
   // no lane — a parking lot is one pool with a flexible set of entry/exit points.
   // See wiki/concepts/first-run-setup.md, entry-exit-points.md.
-  await setupRoutes(app, db, visionClient);
+  await setupRoutes(app, db, visionClient, eventLog);
 
   // Inbound device pushes (e.g. Dingtian Input Link URL → button events),
   // guarded by source-IP allowlist + a shared-secret path token, both read from
@@ -158,17 +171,7 @@ export async function buildServer(opts: BuildOptions = {}): Promise<FastifyInsta
   app.addHook("onReady", async () => deviceMonitor.start());
   app.addHook("onClose", async () => deviceMonitor.stop());
 
-  // Append-only signed business LEDGER (ledger_events). Holds only business facts
-  // (vehicle_entry/exit, payment, void, …) — the anti-fraud audit trail. A raw
-  // button press is NOT a business fact: it's device telemetry, recorded UNSIGNED
-  // in device_events. The entry flow (TODO) turns an input into a signed
-  // vehicle_entry once a ticket prints + the barrier is commanded.
-  // See wiki/decisions/event-streams-split.md.
-  // The 4th arg is a read-side fan-out fired AFTER each durable append — used to
-  // push the event to live booth clients (WS). It cannot affect the sign/chain path.
-  const eventLog = new EventLog(db, buildSigner(app.log), buildVerifier, (row) =>
-    deviceEvents.emitLedger(row),
-  );
+  // Read routes for the signed ledger (constructed above, before setupRoutes).
   await eventRoutes(app, db, eventLog);
 
   // Admin reporting: read-only charts/totals aggregated from the signed ledger
diff --git a/apps/web/src/SetupWizard.tsx b/apps/web/src/SetupWizard.tsx
index d530c6f..ad7a2f5 100644
--- a/apps/web/src/SetupWizard.tsx
+++ b/apps/web/src/SetupWizard.tsx
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import {
   testAnpr,
   testDevice,
   testPrint,
+  testRelay,
   unassignDevice,
   type AnprTestResult,
   type PrintTestResult,
@@ -305,6 +306,7 @@ function AssignmentRow({
       <strong className="text-term-text">{assignment.driverId}</strong>
       {host && <span className="tabular-nums text-term-muted">{host}</span>}
       <DeviceSummary assignment={assignment} controllers={controllers} />
+      {assignment.category === "access" && <RelayTester assignment={assignment} />}
       {!assignment.enabled && <span className="text-term-amber">{t("setup.disabled")}</span>}
       <span className="flex-1" />
       {error && <span className="text-term-red">{error}</span>}
@@ -318,6 +320,59 @@ function AssignmentRow({
   );
 }
 
+/** Per-relay "Test" control on a SAVED controller row. Pulses a BARRIER relay to prove
+ *  the wiring — this physically opens the barrier, so it confirms first, and the server
+ *  signs the deliberate open into the ledger (reason setup.relayTest). radarAlert relays
+ *  are lamps, not barriers — excluded (pulsing one is meaningless/wrong). */
+function RelayTester({ assignment }: { assignment: Assignment }) {
+  const { t } = useTranslation();
+  const cfg = assignment.config as Record<string, unknown>;
+  const relays = Array.isArray(cfg.relays) ? (cfg.relays as RelaySpec[]) : [];
+  const barriers = relays.filter((r) => r.direction !== "radarAlert");
+  const [busyRelay, setBusyRelay] = useState<number | null>(null);
+  const [result, setResult] = useState<{ relay: number; ok: boolean; detail?: string } | null>(null);
+
+  if (barriers.length === 0) return null;
+
+  async function testRelayNow(relay: number) {
+    if (!confirm(t("setup.confirmRelayTest", { relay }))) return;
+    setBusyRelay(relay);
+    setResult(null);
+    try {
+      const res = await testRelay(assignment.id, relay);
+      setResult({ relay, ok: res.ok, detail: res.ok ? undefined : res.detail ?? res.reason });
+    } catch (e) {
+      setResult({ relay, ok: false, detail: (e as Error).message });
+    } finally {
+      setBusyRelay(null);
+    }
+  }
+
+  return (
+    <span className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-1">
+      {barriers.map((r) => (
+        <button
+          key={r.relay}
+          type="button"
+          className="btn btn-ghost btn-sm"
+          onClick={() => testRelayNow(r.relay)}
+          disabled={busyRelay != null}
+          title={t("setup.testRelayTitle", { relay: r.relay })}
+        >
+          {busyRelay === r.relay ? t("setup.relayTesting") : t("setup.testRelay", { relay: r.relay })}
+        </button>
+      ))}
+      {result && (
+        <span className={result.ok ? "text-term-green" : "text-term-red"}>
+          {result.ok
+            ? t("setup.relayTestOk", { relay: result.relay })
+            : t("setup.relayTestFailed", { relay: result.relay, detail: result.detail ?? "" })}
+        </span>
+      )}
+    </span>
+  );
+}
+
 /** Inline summary of an assignment's direction/binding for the list. */
 function DeviceSummary({ assignment, controllers }: { assignment: Assignment; controllers: Assignment[] }) {
   const { t } = useTranslation();
diff --git a/apps/web/src/api.ts b/apps/web/src/api.ts
index 6a57731..8891f72 100644
--- a/apps/web/src/api.ts
+++ b/apps/web/src/api.ts
@@ -460,6 +460,21 @@ export function testPrint(
   });
 }
 
+export type RelayTestResult =
+  | { ok: true; firedAt: string; tookMs: number }
+  | { ok: false; reason: string; detail?: string; tookMs?: number };
+
+/** Pulse a SAVED controller's barrier relay to test the wiring — physically opens the
+ *  barrier. The server signs a `barrier_open_command` (reason setup.relayTest) before
+ *  firing, so the open is explained, not a reconciliation anomaly. Saved controller only
+ *  (needs a persisted id for attribution). */
+export function testRelay(id: string, relay: number): Promise<RelayTestResult> {
+  return apiFetch<RelayTestResult>("/api/setup/test-relay", {
+    method: "POST",
+    body: JSON.stringify({ id, relay }),
+  });
+}
+
 // --- Admin reports -------------------------------------------------------
 export type ReportBucket = "hour" | "day" | "month";
 
diff --git a/apps/web/src/lib/i18n/en.ts b/apps/web/src/lib/i18n/en.ts
index 61ae09d..677dfdc 100644
--- a/apps/web/src/lib/i18n/en.ts
+++ b/apps/web/src/lib/i18n/en.ts
@@ -470,6 +470,13 @@ export const en: Catalog = {
       "Sends a test slip to the printer now. ‘Connected’ only opens the link — this confirms the printer actually feeds paper.",
     printOk: "✓ Test slip sent ({{ms}} ms). Check the printer.",
     "printFail.print-failed": "The printer rejected the job (out of paper, cover open, or the link dropped).",
+    // Relay wiring test — physically opens the barrier (the open is signed into the ledger).
+    testRelay: "Test R{{relay}}",
+    relayTesting: "Opening…",
+    testRelayTitle: "Pulse relay {{relay}} — opens the barrier",
+    confirmRelayTest: "Pulse relay {{relay}} now? This physically opens the barrier and is recorded in the ledger as a test.",
+    relayTestOk: "✓ R{{relay}} pulsed — barrier opened",
+    relayTestFailed: "✗ R{{relay}} failed: {{detail}}",
     // Reveal/hide toggle for a secret field (e.g. the device web password).
     revealSecret: "Show password",
     hideSecret: "Hide password",
diff --git a/apps/web/src/lib/i18n/sq.ts b/apps/web/src/lib/i18n/sq.ts
index a571331..638a308 100644
--- a/apps/web/src/lib/i18n/sq.ts
+++ b/apps/web/src/lib/i18n/sq.ts
@@ -480,6 +480,13 @@ export const sq = {
       "Dërgon një fletë prove te printeri tani. ‘I lidhur’ vetëm hap lidhjen — kjo konfirmon se printeri vërtet nxjerr letër.",
     printOk: "✓ Fleta e provës u dërgua ({{ms}} ms). Kontrollo printerin.",
     "printFail.print-failed": "Printeri nuk pranoi punën (pa letër, kapaku hapur, ose lidhja ra).",
+    // Provë e releut — hap fizikisht barrierën (hapja regjistrohet në ledger).
+    testRelay: "Provo R{{relay}}",
+    relayTesting: "Duke hapur…",
+    testRelayTitle: "Puls releu {{relay}} — hap barrierën",
+    confirmRelayTest: "Ky veprim hap fizikisht barrierën dhe regjistrohet në ledger si provë.",
+    relayTestOk: "✓ R{{relay}} u pulsua — barriera u hap",
+    relayTestFailed: "✗ R{{relay}} dështoi: {{detail}}",
     // Reveal/hide toggle for a secret field (e.g. the device web password).
     revealSecret: "Shfaq fjalëkalimin",
     hideSecret: "Fshih fjalëkalimin",
diff --git a/packages/shared/src/index.ts b/packages/shared/src/index.ts
index ee54fa8..54c3756 100644
--- a/packages/shared/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/shared/src/index.ts
@@ -395,6 +395,9 @@ export const REASON_CODES = [
   "sub.refused.unpaidWindow",
   // a wrongly-printed transient ticket cancelled by the operator (signed void event).
   "void.ticketCancelled",
+  // an admin fired a barrier relay from Setup to test the wiring. The physical open is
+  // DELIBERATE — signing it keeps reconciliation from reading it as an out-of-band open.
+  "setup.relayTest",
 ] as const;
 
 export type ReasonCode = (typeof REASON_CODES)[number];
@@ -428,6 +431,7 @@ export const REASON_EN: Record<ReasonCode, string> = {
   "sub.refused.atCapacity": "subscription refused — at capacity ({inUse}/{max} cars in)",
   "sub.refused.unpaidWindow": "exit refused — out-of-window charge unpaid ({amount} {currency} owed); pay at the booth",
   "void.ticketCancelled": "ticket cancelled — {reason}",
+  "setup.relayTest": "relay test — admin {operator} pulsed relay {relay} on controller {controller} from Setup",
 };
 
 /**