docs(wiki): industry survey of parking tariff systems + session log

New reference page tariff-industry-survey.md (2026-07 web research):
field taxonomy — per-started-increment hourly (per-minute tried and
rolled back in practice), degressive ladders, day caps, up-to matrices,
day tickets, evening/overnight packages, event rates, early bird
(entry-time-conditioned), day/night + weekend/holiday/seasonal windows,
category pricing, contracts, merchant validations (amount/percent/
time-credit/re-rate), SFpark-style dynamic pricing. Coverage map: our
engine expresses everything a staffed single lot advertises; real gaps =
early bird (the pick-table-by-entry-time future design, same mechanism
as weekend menus) and validation overlays; anti-features = per-minute
billing + dynamic pricing. Indexed + logged.

Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01Xcm6ikLgGoCxxHrxtjkk5V

apps/web/src/TariffComposer.tsx

@@ -1,19 +1,23 @@
 import { useEffect, useState } from "react";
 import { useTranslation } from "react-i18next";
-import { ApiError, fetchTariff, publishTariffVersion, type TariffState } from "./api.js";
+import { ApiError, fetchTariff, publishTariffVersion, type TariffState, type TariffVersion } from "./api.js";
-import { TariffEditorForm, emptyForm, formFromActive, toStructure, type FormState } from "./TariffEditorForm.js";
+import { TariffEditorForm, emptyForm, formFromActive, formFromVersion, toStructure, type FormState } from "./TariffEditorForm.js";
 
 // Tariff composer — the admin edits + publishes the LIVE rate card. Publishing
 // creates a new IMMUTABLE version (the active card); old versions are kept so past
-// sessions reprice correctly. The form machinery is shared with the Tariff Lab's
+// sessions reprice correctly. A right sidebar lists the published history (named
-// draft modal — see TariffEditorForm.tsx. To experiment without publishing, use the
+// since 2026-07-05); clicking a version loads it into the editor as the STARTING
-// lab (a draft only becomes real through this same publish path). See
+// POINT — publishing always creates a new version effective now, it never edits the
+// clicked one. The form machinery is shared with the Tariff Lab's draft modal — see
+// TariffEditorForm.tsx. To experiment without publishing, use the lab. See
 // wiki/concepts/tariff.md.
 
 export function TariffComposer() {
   const { t } = useTranslation();
   const [state, setState] = useState<TariffState | null>(null);
   const [form, setForm] = useState<FormState>(emptyForm);
+  // Which published version the editor was last loaded from (sidebar highlight).
+  const [loadedId, setLoadedId] = useState<string | null>(null);
   // Optional label for the version about to be published. Deliberately NOT prefilled
   // from the active version — a tweaked card republished under last season's name
   // would mislabel the history.
@@ -26,10 +30,17 @@ export function TariffComposer() {
       .then((s) => {
         setState(s);
         setForm(formFromActive(s));
+        setLoadedId(s.active?.id ?? null);
       })
       .catch((e) => setMsg({ kind: "err", text: (e as Error).message }));
   }, []);
 
+  function loadVersion(v: TariffVersion) {
+    setForm(formFromVersion(v.currency, v.structure));
+    setLoadedId(v.id);
+    setMsg(null);
+  }
+
   async function publish() {
     setSaving(true);
     setMsg(null);
@@ -41,6 +52,7 @@ export function TariffComposer() {
       });
       const fresh = await fetchTariff();
       setState(fresh);
+      setLoadedId(fresh.active?.id ?? null);
       setVersionName("");
       setMsg({ kind: "ok", text: t("tariff.publishedOk") });
     } catch (e) {
@@ -71,6 +83,8 @@ export function TariffComposer() {
         </p>
       )}
 
+      <div className="flex flex-col gap-4 lg:flex-row">
+        <div className="min-w-0 flex-1">
           <TariffEditorForm form={form} onChange={setForm} />
 
           <div className="mt-6 flex flex-wrap items-center gap-3">
@@ -87,6 +101,50 @@ export function TariffComposer() {
               <span className={msg.kind === "ok" ? "text-[0.75rem] text-term-green" : "text-[0.75rem] text-term-red"}>{msg.text}</span>
             )}
           </div>
+        </div>
+
+        {/* Published history — click a version to load it into the editor. Same list
+            the lab's sidebar shows; here it seeds the next publish. */}
+        {state && state.versions.length > 0 && (
+          <aside className="w-full shrink-0 lg:w-72">
+            <h3 className="mb-1 text-h6 font-semibold uppercase tracking-wider text-term-text">
+              {t("tariff.versionsTitle")}
+            </h3>
+            <p className="hint mb-2">{t("tariff.versionsHint")}</p>
+            <ul className="flex flex-col gap-1">
+              {state.versions.map((v) => {
+                const isActive = v.id === state.active?.id;
+                return (
+                  <li key={v.id}>
+                    <button
+                      type="button"
+                      onClick={() => loadVersion(v)}
+                      className={`w-full rounded-term border px-3 py-2 text-left text-[0.8125rem] ${
+                        loadedId === v.id
+                          ? "border-term-amber bg-term-amber/10 text-term-text"
+                          : "border-term-border text-term-muted hover:text-term-text"
+                      }`}
+                    >
+                      <span className="flex items-center gap-2 font-semibold">
+                        {v.name ?? new Date(v.effectiveFrom).toLocaleString()}
+                        {isActive && (
+                          <span className="rounded border border-term-green px-1 text-[0.625rem] uppercase text-term-green">
+                            {t("tariff.activeBadge")}
+                          </span>
+                        )}
+                      </span>
+                      <span className="block text-[0.6875rem] text-term-muted">
+                        {v.name ? `${new Date(v.effectiveFrom).toLocaleString()} · ` : ""}
+                        {v.currency}
+                      </span>
+                    </button>
+                  </li>
+                );
+              })}
+            </ul>
+          </aside>
+        )}
+      </div>
     </section>
   );
 }

apps/web/src/lib/i18n/en.ts

@@ -336,6 +336,9 @@ export const en: Catalog = {
     publishNewVersion: "Publish new version",
     publishing: "Publishing…",
     versionNamePh: "Version name (optional), e.g. Summer 2026",
+    versionsTitle: "Published versions",
+    versionsHint: "Click one to load it into the editor. Publishing always creates a new version — past versions never change.",
+    activeBadge: "active",
     publishedOk: "New tariff version published — it's now the active rate.",
     defaultCard: "Base rate (always active)",
     defaultCardHint: "The base rate applied when no time/seasonal tier matches. This alone is enough for most car parks.",

apps/web/src/lib/i18n/sq.ts

@@ -339,6 +339,9 @@ export const sq = {
     publishNewVersion: "Publiko version të ri",
     publishing: "Duke publikuar…",
     versionNamePh: "Emri i versionit (opsional), p.sh. Vera 2026",
+    versionsTitle: "Versione të publikuara",
+    versionsHint: "Kliko një për ta ngarkuar në editor. Publikimi krijon gjithmonë version të ri — versionet e kaluara nuk ndryshojnë kurrë.",
+    activeBadge: "aktive",
     publishedOk: "U publikua versioni i ri i tarifës — tani është tarifa aktive.",
     defaultCard: "Tarifa bazë (gjithmonë aktive)",
     defaultCardHint: "Çmimi bazë i zbatuar kur asnjë nivel kohor/sezonal nuk vlen. Kjo e vetme është mjaftueshëm për shumicën e parkimeve.",

komodo/resources.toml

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ REGISTRY=git.infra.msai.al/mca/parking_solution
 # Staging booth: pinned immutable stage-<sha>. After each promotion (merge dev → stage, CI builds
 # :stage-<sha>), bump this to the new sha and re-sync/deploy from Core. The moving `:stage` tag
 # exists as the pointer; we deploy the sha, not the mover.
-TAG=stage-365b648
+TAG=stage-d905dd1
 COOKIE_SECURE=0
 VISION_ENABLED=1
 WS_ALLOWED_ORIGINS=

packages/devices/src/drivers/camera.test.ts

@@ -113,3 +113,33 @@ describe("hikvision snapshot stream selection (main vs sub)", () => {
     expect(pathFor({ host: "1.2.3.4", channel: 1, stream: 9 })).toBe("/ISAPI/Streaming/channels/101/picture");
   });
 });
+
+describe("healthCheck detail is a STABLE size bucket (log-noise fix, 2026-07-05)", () => {
+  // The device monitor logs + re-emits whenever the detail string changes. JPEG
+  // frame size differs on every frame, so an exact byte count made healthy cameras
+  // "change" on nearly every poll. The detail must stay identical across ordinary
+  // frame-size jitter and only move on a real shift (different stream/res, tiny body).
+  it("frames of similar size land in the same bucket", async () => {
+    const cam = makeCamera();
+    digestGet.mockResolvedValueOnce(reply(200, "x".repeat(16_716)));
+    const a = await cam.healthCheck();
+    digestGet.mockResolvedValueOnce(reply(200, "x".repeat(17_902)));
+    const b = await cam.healthCheck();
+    expect(a).toEqual({ status: "ready", detail: "snapshot ≈16 KB" });
+    expect(b.detail).toBe(a.detail); // jitter does NOT change the detail
+  });
+
+  it("a genuinely different size (sub vs main stream) lands in a different bucket", async () => {
+    const cam = makeCamera();
+    digestGet.mockResolvedValueOnce(reply(200, "x".repeat(299_395)));
+    const big = await cam.healthCheck();
+    expect(big.detail).toBe("snapshot ≈256 KB");
+  });
+
+  it("an empty-ish 200 body is flagged, not bucketed away", async () => {
+    const cam = makeCamera();
+    digestGet.mockResolvedValueOnce(reply(200, "xx"));
+    const tiny = await cam.healthCheck();
+    expect(tiny.detail).toBe("snapshot <1 KB");
+  });
+});

packages/devices/src/drivers/camera.ts

@@ -40,6 +40,19 @@ const SNAPSHOT_RETRY_BASE_MS = 250;
 
 const sleep = (ms: number) => new Promise<void>((r) => setTimeout(r, ms));
 
+/** Coarse, STABLE size label for the health-check detail: nearest power-of-two KB
+ *  (`≈16 KB`, `≈256 KB`). JPEG frame size varies with every frame, and the device
+ *  monitor logs + re-emits a status whenever the detail string changes — an exact
+ *  byte count made every healthy camera "change" on nearly every poll, spamming the
+ *  rotated container logs. A pow-2 bucket keeps the diagnostic value (a suddenly
+ *  tiny frame still shows) while flapping only on a real scene/stream shift. */
+function sizeBucket(bytes: number): string {
+  const kb = bytes / 1024;
+  if (kb < 1) return "<1 KB"; // empty-ish 200 body — suspicious, worth seeing as-is
+  const pow = Math.round(Math.log2(kb));
+  return `≈${2 ** pow} KB`;
+}
+
 class HttpCamera implements CameraDevice {
   readonly #host: string;
   readonly #port: number;
@@ -85,7 +98,7 @@ class HttpCamera implements CameraDevice {
     try {
       const res = await this.#get();
       if (res.status === 200)
-        return { status: "ready", detail: `${res.body.length} bytes` };
+        return { status: "ready", detail: `snapshot ${sizeBucket(res.body.length)}` };
       if (res.status === 401)
         return {
           status: "degraded",

wiki/concepts/tariff-industry-survey.md

@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+---
+type: reference
+tags: [parking, domain, business, pricing, research]
+sources: []
+updated: 2026-07-05
+---
+
+# Tariff systems in the parking industry — survey (2026-07)
+
+Web research (2026-07-05) into the tariff/pricing structures the parking industry actually uses,
+to sanity-check the [[tariff]] engine's coverage and rank the gaps. Sources at the end; legacy
+cross-check in [[parksql2017-legacy-schema]].
+
+## The taxonomy — what operators run in the field
+
+**1. Time-based accrual (the bread and butter everywhere)**
+- **Linear hourly** — €/hr **per started hour**; billing increments of 30/60 min dominate.
+  **Per-minute billing is rejected in practice**: garages that tried it (e.g. Leuven) rolled it
+  back within months — customers couldn't predict the price and complaints rose. Vindicates our
+  `incrementMin` default of 60.
+- **Degressive ladder** — marginal price FALLS with duration (€2.50 first hour, €0.50/30min
+  after): the standard shape for hospitals, city-centre garages, anywhere encouraging longer
+  stays. Exactly our V1/V2 `blocks`.
+- **Progressive ladder** — marginal price RISES with duration: rarer, used to force turnover
+  (short-stay curbside). Same `blocks` primitive, ascending.
+- **Daily / weekly caps** — a ceiling regardless of accrual ("day max €7"). Universal in
+  commercial garages. Our `dailyCapMinor`.
+- **Free grace period** — 15–30 min free at entry (airports: pickup/dropoff support). Our
+  `gracePeriodEntryMin`.
+
+**2. Whole-stay prices (not accrual)**
+- **Flat rate / day ticket** — one price for the day (Delft inner city: €29/day). Our stepped
+  ("up-to") table with one row, or a flat V1.
+- **Up-to matrices** — "stay up to N hours costs TOTAL" tables: the region's habit (legacy
+  ParkSQL confirms). Our `steps`.
+- **Evening/overnight package** — "€8 after 18:00 until 06:00", whole window one price. VERY
+  common municipally. Exactly our `packageMinor` (built 2026-07-05).
+- **Event rate** — flat premium price during a known event window, set in advance. Expressible
+  today as a date-ranged windowed card (flat or package).
+
+**3. Entry-time-conditioned rates (the notable GAP)**
+- **Early bird** — a discounted all-day flat for cars that ENTER before a cutoff (typically
+  09:00–10:00), sometimes with an exit-window condition too; no forgiveness for missing the
+  cutoff. A CBD-commuter staple worldwide. The defining trait: the rate is selected by the
+  ENTRY instant and governs the whole stay — which is precisely the
+  **pick-table-by-entry-time** design we identified as the sound future shape (also solves
+  weekend menus). Anti-arbitrage conditions (min stay / exit window) exist to stop short-stay
+  parkers grabbing the flat.
+
+**4. Calendar windows** — day/night rates, weekday vs weekend/holiday, seasonal date ranges
+(Berlin: free nights + Sundays in some zones). Our V2 windowed cards cover all of these.
+
+**5. Category pricing** — by vehicle type (car/bus/truck) and by customer class
+(resident/visitor — SKIDATA advertises residency + vehicle-type tariffs). Our `card.category` +
+frozen session category.
+
+**6. Contracts / recurring** — weekly/monthly fixed rates for commuters; steady-revenue anchor
+everywhere. Ours lives outside the tariff: [[subscription]] plans.
+
+**7. Discount overlays (validations) — the second GAP**
+- **Merchant validation** — a sponsor (shop/hotel/cinema) reduces the parker's fee: mechanisms
+  range from stamped/barcoded tickets to one-use codes to LPR-keyed auto-validation. Discount
+  shapes in PARCS products: fixed amount, percentage (up to 100% comp), TIME CREDIT ("first 2h
+  free"), or a full re-rate to a different rate table. Fully vs partially sponsor-subsidised.
+- **Channel discounts** — cheaper pre-booked/online/app rates (airports especially).
+
+**8. Dynamic / demand-based** — price moves with occupancy. SFpark (the canonical study):
+target 60–80% block occupancy, ±$0.25 adjustments, → −43% search time, −30% GHG; average rate
+actually FELL. Airports run revenue-management engines inside operator-set floor/ceiling.
+Almost exclusively municipal-curbside + large-airport territory, needs demand telemetry +
+price-communication infrastructure — not single-lot booth territory.
+
+**9. Fees/penalties** — lost ticket = worst-case exposure (max daily × assumed duration): ours
+(`lostTicketMinor`). Post-payment exit grace, then overstay repricing: ours.
+
+## Coverage map — our engine vs the industry
+
+| Industry structure | Status in our engine |
+| --- | --- |
+| Linear hourly, per-started-increment | ✅ V1/V2 blocks + incrementMin |
+| Degressive / progressive ladder | ✅ blocks |
+| Daily cap, entry grace, exit grace | ✅ |
+| Up-to matrix / day ticket | ✅ steps (defaultCard) |
+| Day/night, weekend/holiday, seasonal | ✅ V2 windowed cards |
+| Night/evening whole-window package | ✅ packageMinor (2026-07-05) |
+| Event rate | ✅ expressible (date-ranged card) |
+| Vehicle/customer category | ✅ card.category (capture seam pending) |
+| Monthly/weekly contracts | ✅ subscription plans (separate) |
+| Lost ticket, overstay reprice | ✅ |
+| **Early bird / entry-time-conditioned** | ❌ gap — needs pick-table-by-entry-time (see [[tariff]] up-to/tiers incompatibility discussion) |
+| **Validations / merchant discounts** | ❌ gap — no discount overlay mechanism; would need signed discount events + sponsor accounting |
+| Pre-book/online channel rates | ❌ out of scope (no online channel; offline-first) |
+| Dynamic/demand pricing | ❌ deliberately out — municipal/airport scale, needs telemetry; conflicts with printed-price predictability at a booth lot |
+
+## Takeaways for the roadmap
+
+1. **Coverage is already strong**: everything a single staffed lot typically advertises is
+   expressible today. The 2026-07-05 package mode closed the last everyday gap (real night
+   price).
+2. **Early bird is the highest-value missing structure** and shares its mechanism with the
+   weekend-menu ask: select the ENTIRE rate table by entry instant (window → table), instead of
+   pricing per wall-clock slice. One future mechanism, two market features. Include min-stay /
+   exit-window conditions if built (anti-arbitrage is part of the product, not a nicety).
+3. **Validations are the second candidate** once merchants near the site matter: time-credit +
+   percent + full-comp shapes, as signed appended events (fits the ledger model); sponsor
+   settlement stays outside the app (like drawer-review denials).
+4. **Do not build**: per-minute billing (industry tried it, customers rejected it), dynamic
+   pricing (wrong scale + breaks price predictability at a booth).
+
+## Sources
+
+- FHWA, *Contemporary Approaches to Parking Pricing: A Primer* — <https://ops.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/fhwahop12026/sec_2.htm>
+- Arivo, *The Right Parking Tariff* (practitioner taxonomy) — <https://arivo.co/en/blog/optimal-parking-pricing>
+- Pitane, *Per-minute parking creates chaos* (Leuven rollback) — <https://pitane.blue/en/2025/01/16/Parking-rates-in-garages-per-minute-parking-causes-chaos-according-to-experts/>
+- Secure Parking, *Early Bird Parking* (entry/exit conditions) — <https://www.secureparking.com.au/en-au/parking-solutions/early-bird-parking/>
+- ParkWhiz help, *What is Early Bird* — <https://help.parkwhiz.com/support/solutions/articles/60001010507-what-is-early-bird->
+- Parking BOXX, *Validation programs guide* — <https://blog.parkingboxx.com/industry/parking-validation-programs-guide/>
+- Amano McGann, *Validation solutions* (discount shapes incl. re-rate) — <https://amanomcgann.com/our-solutions-parking-management/validation/>
+- ITS DOT evaluation of SFpark — <https://www.itskrs.its.dot.gov/2024-b01818>
+- UCLA ITS, *Pricing Parking by Demand (SFpark)* — <https://www.its.ucla.edu/publication/pricing-parking-by-demand-sfpark/>
+- IDeaS, *Airport parking dynamic pricing* — <https://ideas.com/airport-parking-dynamic-pricing/>
+- SKIDATA, mobility & parking solutions (tariff axes) — <https://www.skidata.com/en-us/solutions/mobility-parking>
+- City of Tampa / MPLS Parking / RDU T&Cs (published rate-card examples) —
+  <https://www.tampa.gov/parking/info/parking-hourly-and-daily-rates>,
+  <https://www.mplsparking.com/parking-rates>, <https://www.rdu.com/terms-conditions/>

wiki/concepts/tariff.md

@@ -193,7 +193,11 @@ The admin authors the rate card at runtime — no hand-seeding:
   composer accumulates per-band hours into the engine's cumulative `uptoMin` (minutes) on submit. The
   **last band is always the open-ended "thereafter"** row (not removable, no hours field), so a
   published card always satisfies the open-ended-last rule. Shows the active version + history;
-  "Publish" creates a new version (past sessions keep their pricing).
+  "Publish" creates a new version (past sessions keep their pricing). Since 2026-07-05 a **right
+  sidebar lists the published history** (name or effective date, active badge — mirrors the lab's
+  sidebar); clicking a version **loads it into the editor as the starting point** for the next
+  publish (currency select ALL/EUR/USD; optional version-name field). Publishing never edits the
+  clicked version — the sidebar hint says so explicitly.
 - Ships **blank** — until a version is published, `GET /api/tariff` returns `active: null` and the
   pay station returns `409 no active tariff`. Verified end to end (publish → pay station prices).
 

wiki/index.md

@@ -90,6 +90,7 @@ Counts: 4 sources · 19 entities · 47 concepts · 7 decision records.
 - [[parking-session]] — the core domain entity; a projection over the signed log, never a mutable table.
 - [[tariff]] — fee model; pure, data-driven, offline; pay-on-foot adds a walk-back grace window.
 - [[tariff-time-tiers]] — BUILT (V2 tariff): happy-hour/off-peak/weekend/seasonal + vehicle category + flat rate via wall-clock windowed cards; tz frozen per version.
+- [[tariff-industry-survey]] — 2026-07 web survey of industry tariff structures: coverage map vs our engine; gaps = early bird (pick-table-by-entry-time) + merchant validations; per-minute & dynamic pricing ruled out.
 - [[booth-exit-flow]] — manned booth: pay → voucher (self-exit later) or immediate exit; active sessions; audited barrier re-open.
 - [[operator-issued-entry]] — operator mints an entry ticket when the physical button is broken; presence-gated (radar AND camera, both sides), flagged (source=manual + operatorInitiated + anomaly), capacity-override allowed; needs `session:create` (2026-07-01).
 - [[plate-reconciliation]] — ANPR plate-as-invariant catches the ticket-swap fraud (paid car let out on a fresh $0 ticket, original lingers "inside"); exact/high-conf match vs open sessions; booth = flag + operator override, reader = log-only fail-open (2026-07-01).

wiki/log.md

@@ -2342,3 +2342,33 @@ read as a dead click on a slow open. Root cause of the slowness recorded as an o
 fold from the last z-report's signed expectedDrawerMinor forward. Also from this session: dev-DB
 migrations are MANUAL (pnpm db:migrate in packages/db) — a 500 "no such column" after pulling a
 migration means it was skipped; booth containers migrate on boot and are immune.
+
+## [2026-07-05] update | Camera health-check detail bucketed — device-monitor log noise fix
+
+The monitor logs + re-emits a device status only when state OR detail changes, but the camera
+probe's detail was the exact snapshot byte count — which differs on every JPEG frame, so healthy
+cameras "changed" on nearly every poll (a log line + websocket event each, inflating the freshly
+budgeted container logs). Camera healthCheck detail is now a stable power-of-two bucket
+("snapshot ≈16 KB" / "≈256 KB"; "<1 KB" stays exact as a suspicious-frame flag), so it moves only
+on a real shift (stream/resolution change, empty body). packages/devices camera.ts + 3 tests.
+
+## [2026-07-05] query | Industry survey: most-used parking tariff systems
+
+Web research filed as [[tariff-industry-survey]] (reference). Field taxonomy: linear-hourly per
+started increment (per-MINUTE tried and rolled back — Leuven), degressive ladders, day caps,
+grace; whole-stay prices (day tickets, up-to matrices, evening/overnight packages, event rates);
+entry-time-conditioned EARLY BIRD (enter-before cutoff, anti-arbitrage exit conditions); calendar
+windows (day/night, weekend/holiday, seasonal); category pricing; monthly contracts; merchant
+VALIDATIONS (amount/percent/time-credit/full-comp/re-rate); dynamic demand pricing (SFpark 60-80%
+occupancy banding — municipal/airport scale only). Coverage map: our engine expresses everything
+a staffed single lot advertises; the two real gaps are early bird (= the pick-table-by-entry-time
+future design, same mechanism as weekend menus) and validation overlays. Anti-features confirmed:
+per-minute billing, dynamic pricing.
+
+## [2026-07-05] update | Composer page gets the published-versions sidebar too
+
+The published-history sidebar built for the lab landed only there; the operator expected it on
+/setup/tariff as well. TariffComposer now mirrors it: right sidebar of published versions (name or
+effective date, active badge), click → formFromVersion loads it into the editor as the seed for
+the next publish (which, per the sidebar hint, always creates a NEW immutable version). Details on
+[[tariff]] (Composer section).